His Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands, on the one part, and His Majesty of the King of the Netherlands on the other part, desiring by a treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation to secure amicable relations between the two kingdoms and commercial intercourse between their respective subjects, have to this end named for their Plenipotentiaries, that is to say:

His Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands, Sir John Bowring, Knight Bachelor of England, His Minister Plenipotentiary and Envoy Extraordinary; and His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, Jonkheer Paul vander Maesen de Sombreff, His Minister of Foreign Affairs, and Gerardus Henri Betz, His Minister of Finance; who, after having examined their full powers and found them in good and true form have agreed on the following articles:

    ARTICLE I.   There shall be a sincere and durable friendship between His Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands, His heirs and successors and His subjects, on the one part, and His Majesty the King of the Netherlands, His heirs and successors and His subjects on the other part.

    ARTICLE II.   The respective subjects of the two high contracting parties shall be perfectly and in all respects assimilated on their establishment and settlement, whether for a longer or shorter time in the States and Colonies of the other party on the terms granted to the subjects of the most favored nation in all which concerns the permission of sojourning, the exercise of legal professions, taxes, in a word, all the conditions relative to sojourn and establishment.

    ARTICLE III.   The products and manufactured articles of every sort, coming from the Hawaiian Islands, imported directly or indirectly, and all merchandise without distinction of origin imported from the Hawaiian Islands or their colonies, shall be admitted on the payment of customs import duties equal and not greater and on the same conditions as those to which are subjected the produce an manufactured articles of the most favored foreign nation, in the Netherlands and their colonies in matters of commerce and customs.

    And reciprocally the produce and manufactured articles of every sort proceeding from the Kingdom of the Netherlands or from its colonies, imported directly or indirectly, and all goods without distinction of origin, imported from the Netherlands into the Hawaiian Islands, shall be admitted on the payment of customs and import duty equal but not greater and under the same conditions as are imposed on the products and manufactured articles of the most favored foreign nation in the Hawaiian Islands, and their colonies, as regards commerce and customs.

    Exception is allowed from this rule were special favors have been or may hereafter be granted in the Netherlands Colonies of the East Indies, to the Asiatic nations of the Eastern Archipelago, for the importation of the products of their soil and their industry and for their exportations.

    ARTICLE IV.   No duties of tonnage, harbor, light-houses, pilotage, quarantine or other similar duties of whatever nature or under whatever denomination shall be imposed in either country upon the vessels of the other, which shall not be equally imposed in the like cases on national vessels. And in general has concerns the importation of all goods and articles of whatever description, the Netherlands flag in the Hawaiian islands, and the Hawaiian flag in the Netherlands and their colonies, will be assimilated to the flag of the most favored nation.

    ARTICLE V.   Any advantage which in future either of the high contracting parties shall grant to another state as regards the establishments or exercise of industry, commerce, custom duties or navigation, shall be granted in the same way at the same time to the other contracting party.

     ARTICLE VI.   The present treaty shall be in vigor for ten years, to date from the day of the exchange of the ratifications.

    In case that neither the one nor the other shall have notified twelve months before the expiration of said period of ten years the intention of terminating its conditions, the treaty shall continue in force for another year, to reckon from the date on which the other contracting party shall have given notice and so on from year to year.

    The ratification shall take place by His Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands and His Majesty the King of the Netherlands,-- and the ratification shall be exchanged at the Hague or elsewhere, within the space of eighteen months, or earlier if may be.

    In witness of which the above named Plenipotentiaries have signed in a fixed here to their respective seals.

    Done at the Hague, this sixteenth day of October, in the year one thousand eight hundred and sixty-two.

[ L. S. ]	JOHN BOWRING
[ L. S. ]	J. P. VANDER MASEN DE SOMBREFF
[ L. S. ]	G. H. BETZ